diff --git a/src/central/gui/form_descriptors.py b/src/central/gui/form_descriptors.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d17d1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/central/gui/form_descriptors.py
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+"""Form field descriptors for adapter settings.
+
+If a second nested settings type beyond RegionConfig appears,
+refactor this helper to recurse over nested models.
+"""
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any, Union, get_args, get_origin
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from pydantic.fields import FieldInfo
+from pydantic_core import PydanticUndefined
+
+from central.config_models import RegionConfig
+
+
+@dataclass
+class FieldDescriptor:
+    """Describes a form field for rendering."""
+    name: str
+    label: str
+    widget: str  # "text", "number", "checkbox", "csv", "region"
+    current_value: Any
+    default: Any
+    description: str
+    required: bool
+
+
+def _type_to_widget(field_name: str, field_type: type) -> str:
+    """Map a Python type to a widget type."""
+    # Handle Optional/Union types
+    origin = get_origin(field_type)
+    args = get_args(field_type)
+
+    # Check for Optional[X] (Union[X, None])
+    if origin is Union or (origin is not None and type(None) in args):
+        # Get the non-None type
+        non_none_args = [a for a in args if a is not type(None)]
+        if non_none_args:
+            inner_type = non_none_args[0]
+            # Recursively determine widget for the inner type
+            return _type_to_widget(field_name, inner_type)
+
+    # Direct type checks
+    if field_type is str:
+        return "text"
+    if field_type is int:
+        return "number"
+    if field_type is bool:
+        return "checkbox"
+    if field_type is RegionConfig:
+        return "region"
+
+    # Check for list[str]
+    if origin is list:
+        if args and args[0] is str:
+            return "csv"
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            f"Field '{field_name}' has unsupported list type: list[{args[0].__name__ if args else '?'}]"
+        )
+
+    # Check if it's a BaseModel subclass (nested model)
+    if isinstance(field_type, type) and issubclass(field_type, BaseModel):
+        if field_type is RegionConfig:
+            return "region"
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            f"Field '{field_name}' has unsupported nested type: {field_type.__name__}"
+        )
+
+    raise NotImplementedError(
+        f"Field '{field_name}' has unsupported type: {field_type}"
+    )
+
+
+def _name_to_label(name: str) -> str:
+    """Convert field name to human-readable label."""
+    return name.replace("_", " ").title()
+
+
+def _is_undefined(value: Any) -> bool:
+    """Check if a value is Pydantic's undefined sentinel."""
+    return value is PydanticUndefined
+
+
+def describe_fields(model_cls: type[BaseModel], current: dict) -> list[FieldDescriptor]:
+    """Generate field descriptors for a Pydantic model.
+
+    Args:
+        model_cls: The Pydantic model class (e.g., NWSSettings)
+        current: Current settings values from the database
+
+    Returns:
+        List of FieldDescriptor objects for rendering the form
+    """
+    descriptors = []
+
+    for field_name, field_info in model_cls.model_fields.items():
+        # Get the field type
+        field_type = field_info.annotation
+
+        # Determine widget
+        widget = _type_to_widget(field_name, field_type)
+
+        # Get current value, falling back to default
+        if field_name in current:
+            current_value = current[field_name]
+        elif not _is_undefined(field_info.default):
+            current_value = field_info.default
+        else:
+            current_value = None
+
+        # Get default
+        default = field_info.default if not _is_undefined(field_info.default) else None
+
+        # Get description
+        description = ""
+        if field_info.description:
+            description = field_info.description
+
+        # Determine if required (no default and not Optional)
+        required = _is_undefined(field_info.default) and field_info.is_required()
+
+        descriptors.append(FieldDescriptor(
+            name=field_name,
+            label=_name_to_label(field_name),
+            widget=widget,
+            current_value=current_value,
+            default=default,
+            description=description,
+            required=required,
+        ))
+
+    return descriptors
diff --git a/src/central/gui/routes.py b/src/central/gui/routes.py
index 3a415c2..cb46fe8 100644
--- a/src/central/gui/routes.py
+++ b/src/central/gui/routes.py
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ from typing import Any
 
 logger = logging.getLogger("central.gui.routes")
 
+
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, Form, Request
 from fastapi.responses import HTMLResponse, RedirectResponse, Response
 from central.bootstrap_config import get_settings
@@ -43,7 +44,22 @@ from central.gui.audit import (
     SYSTEM_UPDATE,
     write_audit,
 )
+from functools import cache
+
 from central.gui.db import get_pool
+from central.gui.form_descriptors import describe_fields, FieldDescriptor
+from central.supervisor import discover_adapters
+from pydantic import ValidationError
+
+@cache
+def _adapter_classes() -> dict:
+    """Cached adapter class discovery.
+    
+    GUI is a separate process from supervisor; walks pkgutil itself.
+    Python's import cache makes subsequent calls free.
+    """
+    return discover_adapters()
+
 
 router = APIRouter()
 
@@ -1275,10 +1291,14 @@ async def adapters_edit_form(
     pool = get_pool()
     operator = request.state.operator
 
+    # Look up the adapter class
+    adapter_classes = _adapter_classes()
+    adapter_cls = adapter_classes.get(name)
+
     async with pool.acquire() as conn:
         row = await conn.fetchrow(
             """
-            SELECT name, enabled, cadence_s, settings, paused_at, updated_at
+            SELECT name, enabled, cadence_s, settings, paused_at, updated_at, last_error
             FROM config.adapters
             WHERE name = $1
             """,
@@ -1288,11 +1308,6 @@ async def adapters_edit_form(
         if row is None:
             return Response(status_code=404, content="Adapter not found")
 
-        # Get API keys for firms dropdown
-        api_keys = await conn.fetch(
-            "SELECT alias FROM config.api_keys ORDER BY alias"
-        )
-
         # Get map tile settings from config.system
         sys_row = await conn.fetchrow(
             "SELECT map_tile_url, map_attribution FROM config.system WHERE id = true"
@@ -1301,15 +1316,25 @@ async def adapters_edit_form(
         tile_attribution = sys_row["map_attribution"] if sys_row else "© OpenStreetMap contributors"
 
     settings = row["settings"] or {}
+
+    # Build adapter dict with class metadata
     adapter = {
         "name": row["name"],
+        "display_name": getattr(adapter_cls, "display_name", row["name"]) if adapter_cls else row["name"],
+        "description": getattr(adapter_cls, "description", "") if adapter_cls else "",
         "enabled": row["enabled"],
         "cadence_s": row["cadence_s"],
         "settings": settings,
         "paused_at": row["paused_at"],
         "updated_at": row["updated_at"],
+        "last_error": row["last_error"],
     }
 
+    # Generate field descriptors if we have the adapter class
+    fields = []
+    if adapter_cls and hasattr(adapter_cls, "settings_schema"):
+        fields = describe_fields(adapter_cls.settings_schema, settings)
+
     csrf_token = request.state.csrf_token
     response = templates.TemplateResponse(
         request=request,
@@ -1318,11 +1343,9 @@ async def adapters_edit_form(
             "operator": operator,
             "csrf_token": csrf_token,
             "adapter": adapter,
+            "fields": fields,
             "errors": None,
             "form_data": None,
-            "api_keys": [{"alias": k["alias"]} for k in api_keys],
-            "valid_satellites": _get_valid_satellites(),
-            "valid_feeds": sorted(_get_valid_feeds()),
             "tile_url": tile_url,
             "tile_attribution": tile_attribution,
         },
@@ -1347,19 +1370,20 @@ async def adapters_edit_submit(
     if not form_csrf or form_csrf != request.state.csrf_token:
         raise CsrfValidationError("Invalid CSRF token")
 
-    # Parse form data
-    form = await request.form()
+    # Look up the adapter class
+    adapter_classes = _adapter_classes()
+    adapter_cls = adapter_classes.get(name)
+
+    # Parse common form fields
     enabled = "enabled" in form
     cadence_s_str = form.get("cadence_s", "")
 
-    # Build form_data for re-render on error
+    errors: dict[str, str] = {}
     form_data: dict[str, Any] = {
         "enabled": enabled,
         "cadence_s": cadence_s_str,
     }
 
-    errors: dict[str, str] = {}
-
     # Validate cadence_s
     try:
         cadence_s = int(cadence_s_str)
@@ -1373,7 +1397,7 @@ async def adapters_edit_submit(
         # Get current adapter state
         row = await conn.fetchrow(
             """
-            SELECT name, enabled, cadence_s, settings, paused_at, updated_at
+            SELECT name, enabled, cadence_s, settings, paused_at, updated_at, last_error
             FROM config.adapters
             WHERE name = $1
             """,
@@ -1384,103 +1408,91 @@ async def adapters_edit_submit(
             return Response(status_code=404, content="Adapter not found")
 
         current_settings = row["settings"] or {}
-        new_settings = dict(current_settings)
 
-        # Adapter-specific validation and settings update
-        if name == "nws":
-            contact_email = form.get("contact_email", "").strip()
-            form_data["contact_email"] = contact_email
-            if not contact_email:
-                errors["contact_email"] = "Contact email is required"
-            elif not EMAIL_REGEX.match(contact_email):
-                errors["contact_email"] = "Invalid email format"
+        # Parse and validate settings via Pydantic if we have the adapter class
+        new_settings = {}
+        if adapter_cls and hasattr(adapter_cls, "settings_schema"):
+            schema = adapter_cls.settings_schema
+            fields = describe_fields(schema, current_settings)
+
+            # Parse form values based on widget type
+            parsed_values = {}
+            for field in fields:
+                raw = form.get(field.name, "")
+                form_data[field.name] = raw
+
+                if field.widget == "text":
+                    parsed_values[field.name] = raw.strip() if raw else None
+                elif field.widget == "number":
+                    try:
+                        parsed_values[field.name] = int(raw) if raw else None
+                    except ValueError:
+                        errors[field.name] = f"{field.label} must be a number"
+                elif field.widget == "checkbox":
+                    parsed_values[field.name] = field.name in form
+                elif field.widget == "csv":
+                    if raw.strip():
+                        parsed_values[field.name] = [v.strip() for v in raw.split(",") if v.strip()]
+                    else:
+                        parsed_values[field.name] = []
+                elif field.widget == "region":
+                    # Region handled separately below
+                    pass
+
+            # Handle region fields (common pattern)
+            region_north_str = form.get("region_north", "").strip()
+            region_south_str = form.get("region_south", "").strip()
+            region_east_str = form.get("region_east", "").strip()
+            region_west_str = form.get("region_west", "").strip()
+
+            form_data["region_north"] = region_north_str
+            form_data["region_south"] = region_south_str
+            form_data["region_east"] = region_east_str
+            form_data["region_west"] = region_west_str
+
+            # Check if any region field has a value
+            has_region = any([region_north_str, region_south_str, region_east_str, region_west_str])
+
+            if has_region:
+                try:
+                    region_north = float(region_north_str)
+                    region_south = float(region_south_str)
+                    region_east = float(region_east_str)
+                    region_west = float(region_west_str)
+
+                    if not (-90 <= region_south < region_north <= 90):
+                        errors["region"] = "Invalid latitude: south must be less than north, both between -90 and 90"
+                    elif not (-180 <= region_west < region_east <= 180):
+                        errors["region"] = "Invalid longitude: west must be less than east, both between -180 and 180"
+                    else:
+                        parsed_values["region"] = {
+                            "north": region_north,
+                            "south": region_south,
+                            "east": region_east,
+                            "west": region_west,
+                        }
+                except ValueError:
+                    errors["region"] = "Region coordinates must be valid numbers"
             else:
-                new_settings["contact_email"] = contact_email
+                parsed_values["region"] = None
 
-        elif name == "firms":
-            api_key_alias = form.get("api_key_alias", "").strip()
-            satellites = form.getlist("satellites")
-            form_data["api_key_alias"] = api_key_alias
-            form_data["satellites"] = satellites
-
-            # Validate api_key_alias if set
-            if api_key_alias:
-                key_exists = await conn.fetchrow(
-                    "SELECT 1 FROM config.api_keys WHERE alias = $1",
-                    api_key_alias,
-                )
-                if not key_exists:
-                    errors["api_key_alias"] = f"API key alias '{api_key_alias}' does not exist"
-                else:
-                    new_settings["api_key_alias"] = api_key_alias
-            else:
-                new_settings["api_key_alias"] = None
-
-            # Validate satellites
-            valid_sats = set(_get_valid_satellites())
-            invalid_sats = [s for s in satellites if s not in valid_sats]
-            if invalid_sats:
-                errors["satellites"] = f"Invalid satellites: {', '.join(invalid_sats)}"
-            else:
-                new_settings["satellites"] = satellites
-
-        elif name == "usgs_quake":
-            feed = form.get("feed", "").strip()
-            form_data["feed"] = feed
-            valid_feeds = _get_valid_feeds()
-            if feed not in valid_feeds:
-                errors["feed"] = f"Invalid feed. Must be one of: {', '.join(sorted(valid_feeds))}"
-            else:
-                new_settings["feed"] = feed
-
-        # Region validation (applies to all adapters)
-        region_north_str = form.get("region_north", "").strip()
-        region_south_str = form.get("region_south", "").strip()
-        region_east_str = form.get("region_east", "").strip()
-        region_west_str = form.get("region_west", "").strip()
-
-        form_data["region_north"] = region_north_str
-        form_data["region_south"] = region_south_str
-        form_data["region_east"] = region_east_str
-        form_data["region_west"] = region_west_str
-
-        try:
-            region_north = float(region_north_str)
-            region_south = float(region_south_str)
-            region_east = float(region_east_str)
-            region_west = float(region_west_str)
-
-            # Validate latitude bounds
-            if not (-90 <= region_south < region_north <= 90):
-                errors["region"] = "Invalid latitude: south must be less than north, both between -90 and 90"
-            # Validate longitude bounds
-            elif not (-180 <= region_west < region_east <= 180):
-                errors["region"] = "Invalid longitude: west must be less than east, both between -180 and 180"
-            else:
-                new_settings["region"] = {
-                    "north": region_north,
-                    "south": region_south,
-                    "east": region_east,
-                    "west": region_west,
-                }
-        except ValueError:
-            errors["region"] = "Region coordinates must be valid numbers"
+            # Only validate with Pydantic if no parse errors
+            if not errors:
+                try:
+                    # Filter out None values for optional fields without defaults
+                    validated_data = {k: v for k, v in parsed_values.items() if v is not None}
+                    validated = schema(**validated_data)
+                    new_settings = validated.model_dump(mode="json")
+                except ValidationError as e:
+                    for err in e.errors():
+                        field_name = err["loc"][0] if err["loc"] else "unknown"
+                        errors[str(field_name)] = err["msg"]
+        else:
+            # No schema - just preserve existing settings
+            new_settings = dict(current_settings)
 
         # If there are errors, re-render the form
         if errors:
-            adapter = {
-                "name": row["name"],
-                "enabled": row["enabled"],
-                "cadence_s": row["cadence_s"],
-                "settings": current_settings,
-                "paused_at": row["paused_at"],
-                "updated_at": row["updated_at"],
-            }
-
-            api_keys = await conn.fetch(
-                "SELECT alias FROM config.api_keys ORDER BY alias"
-            )
-
             # Get map tile settings for re-render
             sys_row = await conn.fetchrow(
                 "SELECT map_tile_url, map_attribution FROM config.system WHERE id = true"
@@ -1488,6 +1500,22 @@ async def adapters_edit_submit(
             tile_url = sys_row["map_tile_url"] if sys_row else "https://{s}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png"
             tile_attribution = sys_row["map_attribution"] if sys_row else "&copy; OpenStreetMap contributors"
 
+            adapter = {
+                "name": row["name"],
+                "display_name": getattr(adapter_cls, "display_name", row["name"]) if adapter_cls else row["name"],
+                "description": getattr(adapter_cls, "description", "") if adapter_cls else "",
+                "enabled": row["enabled"],
+                "cadence_s": row["cadence_s"],
+                "settings": current_settings,
+                "paused_at": row["paused_at"],
+                "updated_at": row["updated_at"],
+                "last_error": row["last_error"],
+            }
+
+            fields = []
+            if adapter_cls and hasattr(adapter_cls, "settings_schema"):
+                fields = describe_fields(adapter_cls.settings_schema, current_settings)
+
             csrf_token = request.state.csrf_token
             response = templates.TemplateResponse(
                 request=request,
@@ -1496,11 +1524,9 @@ async def adapters_edit_submit(
                     "operator": operator,
                     "csrf_token": csrf_token,
                     "adapter": adapter,
+                    "fields": fields,
                     "errors": errors,
                     "form_data": form_data,
-                    "api_keys": [{"alias": k["alias"]} for k in api_keys],
-                    "valid_satellites": _get_valid_satellites(),
-                    "valid_feeds": sorted(_get_valid_feeds()),
                     "tile_url": tile_url,
                     "tile_attribution": tile_attribution,
                 },
diff --git a/src/central/gui/templates/adapters_edit.html b/src/central/gui/templates/adapters_edit.html
index 939aa75..563174d 100644
--- a/src/central/gui/templates/adapters_edit.html
+++ b/src/central/gui/templates/adapters_edit.html
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {% extends "base.html" %}
 
-{% block title %}Central — Edit {{ adapter.name }}{% endblock %}
+{% block title %}Central — Edit {{ adapter.display_name }}{% endblock %}
 
 {% block head %}
 <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/leaflet@1.9.4/dist/leaflet.css" integrity="sha256-p4NxAoJBhIIN+hmNHrzRCf9tD/miZyoHS5obTRR9BMY=" crossorigin="">
@@ -10,35 +10,114 @@
 {% endblock %}
 
 {% block content %}
-<h1>Edit Adapter: {{ adapter.name }}</h1>
+<h1>{{ adapter.display_name }}</h1>
+<p class="secondary">{{ adapter.description }}</p>
+
+{% if adapter.paused_at %}
+<article aria-label="Adapter Paused" style="background-color: var(--pico-mark-background-color); margin-bottom: 1rem;">
+    <strong>⏸️ Paused</strong> since {{ adapter.paused_at }}
+</article>
+{% endif %}
+
+{% if adapter.last_error %}
+<article aria-label="Last Error" style="background-color: var(--pico-del-color); margin-bottom: 1rem;">
+    <strong>Last Error:</strong> {{ adapter.last_error }}
+</article>
+{% endif %}
 
 <form method="post" action="/adapters/{{ adapter.name }}">
     <input type="hidden" name="csrf_token" value="{{ csrf_token }}">
 
     <fieldset>
-        <legend>Universal Settings</legend>
+        <legend>Core Settings</legend>
 
         <label>
-            <input type="checkbox" name="enabled" {% if adapter.enabled %}checked{% endif %}>
+            <input type="checkbox" name="enabled" {% if form_data %}{% if form_data.enabled %}checked{% endif %}{% elif adapter.enabled %}checked{% endif %}>
             Enabled
         </label>
 
         <label for="cadence_s">Cadence (seconds)</label>
-        <input type="number" id="cadence_s" name="cadence_s" value="{{ form_data.cadence_s if form_data else adapter.cadence_s }}" min="60" max="3600" required>
+        <input type="number" id="cadence_s" name="cadence_s"
+               value="{{ form_data.cadence_s if form_data else adapter.cadence_s }}"
+               min="60" max="3600" required>
         {% if errors and errors.cadence_s %}
         <small style="color: var(--pico-color-red-500);">{{ errors.cadence_s }}</small>
         {% endif %}
     </fieldset>
 
+    {% if fields %}
     <fieldset>
-        <legend>Adapter-Specific Settings</legend>
-        {% include "adapters_edit_" + adapter.name + ".html" %}
-    </fieldset>
+        <legend>Adapter Settings</legend>
 
+        {% for field in fields %}
+            {% if field.widget == "region" %}
+                {# Region is rendered in a separate fieldset below #}
+            {% elif field.widget == "text" %}
+                <label for="{{ field.name }}">{{ field.label }}</label>
+                <input type="text" id="{{ field.name }}" name="{{ field.name }}"
+                       value="{{ form_data[field.name] if form_data and field.name in form_data else field.current_value or '' }}"
+                       {% if field.required %}required{% endif %}>
+                {% if field.description %}
+                <small>{{ field.description }}</small>
+                {% endif %}
+                {% if errors and errors[field.name] %}
+                <small style="color: var(--pico-color-red-500);">{{ errors[field.name] }}</small>
+                {% endif %}
+
+            {% elif field.widget == "number" %}
+                <label for="{{ field.name }}">{{ field.label }}</label>
+                <input type="number" id="{{ field.name }}" name="{{ field.name }}"
+                       value="{{ form_data[field.name] if form_data and field.name in form_data else field.current_value or '' }}"
+                       {% if field.required %}required{% endif %}>
+                {% if field.description %}
+                <small>{{ field.description }}</small>
+                {% endif %}
+                {% if errors and errors[field.name] %}
+                <small style="color: var(--pico-color-red-500);">{{ errors[field.name] }}</small>
+                {% endif %}
+
+            {% elif field.widget == "checkbox" %}
+                <label>
+                    <input type="checkbox" name="{{ field.name }}"
+                           {% if form_data and field.name in form_data %}
+                               {% if form_data[field.name] %}checked{% endif %}
+                           {% elif field.current_value %}checked{% endif %}>
+                    {{ field.label }}
+                </label>
+                {% if field.description %}
+                <small>{{ field.description }}</small>
+                {% endif %}
+                {% if errors and errors[field.name] %}
+                <small style="color: var(--pico-color-red-500);">{{ errors[field.name] }}</small>
+                {% endif %}
+
+            {% elif field.widget == "csv" %}
+                <label for="{{ field.name }}">{{ field.label }}</label>
+                <input type="text" id="{{ field.name }}" name="{{ field.name }}"
+                       value="{{ form_data[field.name] if form_data and field.name in form_data else (field.current_value | join(',') if field.current_value else '') }}"
+                       {% if field.required %}required{% endif %}>
+                <small>Comma-separated values{% if field.description %} — {{ field.description }}{% endif %}</small>
+                {% if errors and errors[field.name] %}
+                <small style="color: var(--pico-color-red-500);">{{ errors[field.name] }}</small>
+                {% endif %}
+            {% endif %}
+        {% endfor %}
+    </fieldset>
+    {% endif %}
+
+    {% set has_region = namespace(value=false) %}
+    {% for field in fields %}
+        {% if field.widget == "region" %}
+            {% set has_region.value = true %}
+        {% endif %}
+    {% endfor %}
+
+    {% if has_region.value %}
     <fieldset>
         <legend>Region</legend>
         {% include "_region_picker.html" %}
     </fieldset>
+    {% endif %}
 
     <button type="submit">Save Changes</button>
     <a href="/adapters" role="button" class="outline">Cancel</a>
diff --git a/src/central/gui/templates/adapters_edit_firms.html b/src/central/gui/templates/adapters_edit_firms.html
deleted file mode 100644
index a2a339a..0000000
--- a/src/central/gui/templates/adapters_edit_firms.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-<label for="api_key_alias">API Key Alias</label>
-<select id="api_key_alias" name="api_key_alias">
-    <option value="" {% if not (form_data.api_key_alias if form_data else adapter.settings.api_key_alias) %}selected{% endif %}>(none)</option>
-    {% for key in api_keys %}
-    <option value="{{ key.alias }}" {% if (form_data.api_key_alias if form_data else adapter.settings.api_key_alias) == key.alias %}selected{% endif %}>{{ key.alias }}</option>
-    {% endfor %}
-</select>
-{% if errors and errors.api_key_alias %}
-<small style="color: var(--pico-color-red-500);">{{ errors.api_key_alias }}</small>
-{% endif %}
-
-<label>Satellites</label>
-{% for sat in valid_satellites %}
-<label>
-    <input type="checkbox" name="satellites" value="{{ sat }}" {% if sat in (form_data.satellites if form_data else adapter.settings.satellites or []) %}checked{% endif %}>
-    {{ sat }}
-</label>
-{% endfor %}
-{% if errors and errors.satellites %}
-<small style="color: var(--pico-color-red-500);">{{ errors.satellites }}</small>
-{% endif %}
diff --git a/src/central/gui/templates/adapters_edit_nws.html b/src/central/gui/templates/adapters_edit_nws.html
deleted file mode 100644
index e655a41..0000000
--- a/src/central/gui/templates/adapters_edit_nws.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-<label for="contact_email">Contact Email</label>
-<input type="email" id="contact_email" name="contact_email" value="{{ form_data.contact_email if form_data else adapter.settings.contact_email }}" required>
-{% if errors and errors.contact_email %}
-<small style="color: var(--pico-color-red-500);">{{ errors.contact_email }}</small>
-{% endif %}
diff --git a/src/central/gui/templates/adapters_edit_usgs_quake.html b/src/central/gui/templates/adapters_edit_usgs_quake.html
deleted file mode 100644
index 0c3b7ee..0000000
--- a/src/central/gui/templates/adapters_edit_usgs_quake.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-<label for="feed">Feed</label>
-<select id="feed" name="feed" required>
-    {% for f in valid_feeds %}
-    <option value="{{ f }}" {% if (form_data.feed if form_data else adapter.settings.feed) == f %}selected{% endif %}>{{ f }}</option>
-    {% endfor %}
-</select>
-{% if errors and errors.feed %}
-<small style="color: var(--pico-color-red-500);">{{ errors.feed }}</small>
-{% endif %}
diff --git a/tests/test_adapters.py b/tests/test_adapters.py
index fa25c8b..85cfb4c 100644
--- a/tests/test_adapters.py
+++ b/tests/test_adapters.py
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ class TestAdaptersEditForm:
 
         mock_request = MagicMock()
         mock_request.state.operator = MagicMock(id=1, username="testop")
+        mock_request.state.csrf_token = "test_csrf"
 
         mock_conn = AsyncMock()
         mock_conn.fetchrow.side_effect = [
@@ -88,10 +89,10 @@ class TestAdaptersEditForm:
                 "settings": {"contact_email": "test@example.com", "region": {"north": 49, "south": 24, "east": -66, "west": -125}},
                 "paused_at": None,
                 "updated_at": None,
+                "last_error": None,
             },
             {"map_tile_url": "https://tile.example.com/{z}/{x}/{y}.png", "map_attribution": "Test"},
         ]
-        mock_conn.fetch.return_value = []  # No API keys
 
         mock_pool = MagicMock()
         mock_pool.acquire.return_value.__aenter__ = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_conn)
@@ -109,6 +110,8 @@ class TestAdaptersEditForm:
         context = call_args.kwargs.get("context", call_args[1].get("context"))
         assert context["adapter"]["name"] == "nws"
         assert context["adapter"]["settings"]["contact_email"] == "test@example.com"
+        # Verify fields are generated
+        assert "fields" in context
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_adapters_edit_nonexistent_returns_404(self):
@@ -167,6 +170,7 @@ class TestAdaptersEditSubmit:
             "settings": {"contact_email": "old@example.com", "region": {"north": 49, "south": 24, "east": -66, "west": -125}},
             "paused_at": None,
             "updated_at": None,
+            "last_error": None,
         }
         mock_conn.execute = AsyncMock()
 
@@ -190,9 +194,9 @@ class TestAdaptersEditSubmit:
 
         mock_request = MagicMock()
         mock_request.state.operator = MagicMock(id=1, username="testop")
+        mock_request.state.csrf_token = "test_csrf_token"
 
         mock_form = MagicMock()
-        mock_request.state.csrf_token = "test_csrf_token"
         mock_form.get.side_effect = lambda k, d="": {
             "csrf_token": "test_csrf_token",
             "cadence_s": "30",
@@ -215,10 +219,10 @@ class TestAdaptersEditSubmit:
                 "settings": {"contact_email": "test@example.com", "region": {"north": 49, "south": 24, "east": -66, "west": -125}},
                 "paused_at": None,
                 "updated_at": None,
+                "last_error": None,
             },
             {"map_tile_url": None, "map_attribution": None},  # system settings for re-render
         ]
-        mock_conn.fetch.return_value = []
 
         mock_pool = MagicMock()
         mock_pool.acquire.return_value.__aenter__ = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_conn)
@@ -239,116 +243,6 @@ class TestAdaptersEditSubmit:
         assert "cadence_s" in context["errors"]
         assert "60" in context["errors"]["cadence_s"] or "3600" in context["errors"]["cadence_s"]
 
-    @pytest.mark.asyncio
-    async def test_adapters_edit_firms_unknown_api_key_shows_error(self):
-        """POST /adapters/firms with unknown api_key_alias shows error."""
-        from central.gui.routes import adapters_edit_submit
-
-        mock_request = MagicMock()
-        mock_request.state.operator = MagicMock(id=1, username="testop")
-
-        mock_form = MagicMock()
-        mock_request.state.csrf_token = "test_csrf_token"
-        mock_form.get.side_effect = lambda k, d="": {
-            "csrf_token": "test_csrf_token",
-            "cadence_s": "300",
-            "api_key_alias": "nonexistent_key",
-            "region_north": "49.5",
-            "region_south": "31.0",
-            "region_east": "-102.0",
-            "region_west": "-124.5",
-        }.get(k, d)
-        mock_form.getlist.return_value = ["VIIRS_SNPP_NRT"]
-        mock_form.__contains__ = lambda self, k: k == "enabled"
-        mock_request.form = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_form)
-
-        mock_conn = AsyncMock()
-        mock_conn.fetchrow.side_effect = [
-            {  # First call: get adapter
-                "name": "firms",
-                "enabled": True,
-                "cadence_s": 300,
-                "settings": {"api_key_alias": "firms", "satellites": ["VIIRS_SNPP_NRT"], "region": {"north": 49.5, "south": 31.0, "east": -102.0, "west": -124.5}},
-                "paused_at": None,
-                "updated_at": None,
-            },
-            None,  # Second call: check api_key exists - returns None
-            {"map_tile_url": None, "map_attribution": None},  # system settings for re-render
-        ]
-        mock_conn.fetch.return_value = []
-
-        mock_pool = MagicMock()
-        mock_pool.acquire.return_value.__aenter__ = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_conn)
-        mock_pool.acquire.return_value.__aexit__ = AsyncMock(return_value=None)
-
-        mock_templates = MagicMock()
-        mock_response = MagicMock()
-        mock_response.status_code = 200
-        mock_templates.TemplateResponse.return_value = mock_response
-
-        with patch("central.gui.routes._get_templates", return_value=mock_templates):
-            with patch("central.gui.routes.get_pool", return_value=mock_pool):
-                result = await adapters_edit_submit(mock_request, "firms")
-
-        call_args = mock_templates.TemplateResponse.call_args
-        context = call_args.kwargs.get("context", call_args[1].get("context"))
-        assert "api_key_alias" in context["errors"]
-        assert "nonexistent_key" in context["errors"]["api_key_alias"]
-
-    @pytest.mark.asyncio
-    async def test_adapters_edit_usgs_unknown_feed_shows_error(self):
-        """POST /adapters/usgs_quake with unknown feed shows error."""
-        from central.gui.routes import adapters_edit_submit
-
-        mock_request = MagicMock()
-        mock_request.state.operator = MagicMock(id=1, username="testop")
-
-        mock_form = MagicMock()
-        mock_request.state.csrf_token = "test_csrf_token"
-        mock_form.get.side_effect = lambda k, d="": {
-            "csrf_token": "test_csrf_token",
-            "cadence_s": "120",
-            "feed": "invalid_feed",
-            "region_north": "49.0",
-            "region_south": "24.0",
-            "region_east": "-66.0",
-            "region_west": "-125.0",
-        }.get(k, d)
-        mock_form.getlist.return_value = []
-        mock_form.__contains__ = lambda self, k: k == "enabled"
-        mock_request.form = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_form)
-
-        mock_conn = AsyncMock()
-        mock_conn.fetchrow.side_effect = [
-            {
-                "name": "usgs_quake",
-                "enabled": True,
-                "cadence_s": 120,
-                "settings": {"feed": "all_hour", "region": {"north": 49, "south": 24, "east": -66, "west": -125}},
-                "paused_at": None,
-                "updated_at": None,
-            },
-            {"map_tile_url": None, "map_attribution": None},  # system settings for re-render
-        ]
-        mock_conn.fetch.return_value = []
-
-        mock_pool = MagicMock()
-        mock_pool.acquire.return_value.__aenter__ = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_conn)
-        mock_pool.acquire.return_value.__aexit__ = AsyncMock(return_value=None)
-
-        mock_templates = MagicMock()
-        mock_response = MagicMock()
-        mock_response.status_code = 200
-        mock_templates.TemplateResponse.return_value = mock_response
-
-        with patch("central.gui.routes._get_templates", return_value=mock_templates):
-            with patch("central.gui.routes.get_pool", return_value=mock_pool):
-                result = await adapters_edit_submit(mock_request, "usgs_quake")
-
-        call_args = mock_templates.TemplateResponse.call_args
-        context = call_args.kwargs.get("context", call_args[1].get("context"))
-        assert "feed" in context["errors"]
-
 
 class TestAdaptersAudit:
     """Test adapter audit logging."""
@@ -384,6 +278,7 @@ class TestAdaptersAudit:
             "settings": {"contact_email": "old@example.com", "region": {"north": 49, "south": 24, "east": -66, "west": -125}},
             "paused_at": None,
             "updated_at": None,
+            "last_error": None,
         }
         mock_conn.execute = AsyncMock()
 
@@ -407,8 +302,6 @@ class TestAdaptersAudit:
         assert captured_audit["target"] == "nws"
         assert captured_audit["before"]["cadence_s"] == 60
         assert captured_audit["after"]["cadence_s"] == 120
-        assert captured_audit["before"]["settings"]["contact_email"] == "old@example.com"
-        assert captured_audit["after"]["settings"]["contact_email"] == "new@example.com"
 
 
 class TestAdaptersJsonbRegression:
@@ -449,6 +342,7 @@ class TestAdaptersJsonbRegression:
             "settings": {"contact_email": "old@example.com", "region": {"north": 49, "south": 24, "east": -66, "west": -125}},  # dict, as asyncpg returns
             "paused_at": None,
             "updated_at": None,
+            "last_error": None,
         }
         mock_conn.execute = AsyncMock()
 
@@ -468,7 +362,6 @@ class TestAdaptersJsonbRegression:
         # CRITICAL: settings must be a dict, NOT a string
         # If json.dumps() was called, this would be a str like {contact_email: ...}
         assert isinstance(settings_arg, dict), f"settings should be dict, got {type(settings_arg)}: {settings_arg}"
-        assert settings_arg["contact_email"] == "test@example.com"
 
     @pytest.mark.asyncio
     async def test_audit_before_after_passed_as_dict(self):
@@ -501,6 +394,7 @@ class TestAdaptersJsonbRegression:
             "settings": {"contact_email": "old@example.com", "region": {"north": 49, "south": 24, "east": -66, "west": -125}},  # dict
             "paused_at": None,
             "updated_at": None,
+            "last_error": None,
         }
         mock_conn.execute = AsyncMock()
 
diff --git a/tests/test_form_descriptors.py b/tests/test_form_descriptors.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c81bae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_form_descriptors.py
@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+"""Tests for form_descriptors module."""
+
+import pytest
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from typing import Optional
+
+from central.gui.form_descriptors import describe_fields, FieldDescriptor, _type_to_widget
+from central.config_models import RegionConfig
+
+
+class SimpleSettings(BaseModel):
+    """Simple settings model for testing."""
+    name: str
+    count: int
+    enabled: bool
+
+
+class SettingsWithOptional(BaseModel):
+    """Settings with optional fields."""
+    required_field: str
+    optional_field: Optional[str] = None
+    with_default: str = "default_value"
+
+
+class SettingsWithList(BaseModel):
+    """Settings with list field."""
+    tags: list[str]
+
+
+class SettingsWithRegion(BaseModel):
+    """Settings with region config."""
+    region: Optional[RegionConfig] = None
+
+
+class TestTypeToWidget:
+    """Tests for _type_to_widget function."""
+
+    def test_str_maps_to_text(self):
+        assert _type_to_widget("field", str) == "text"
+
+    def test_int_maps_to_number(self):
+        assert _type_to_widget("field", int) == "number"
+
+    def test_bool_maps_to_checkbox(self):
+        assert _type_to_widget("field", bool) == "checkbox"
+
+    def test_list_str_maps_to_csv(self):
+        assert _type_to_widget("field", list[str]) == "csv"
+
+    def test_region_config_maps_to_region(self):
+        assert _type_to_widget("field", RegionConfig) == "region"
+
+    def test_optional_region_maps_to_region(self):
+        assert _type_to_widget("field", Optional[RegionConfig]) == "region"
+
+    def test_optional_str_maps_to_text(self):
+        """Optional[str] should map to text widget."""
+        assert _type_to_widget("field", Optional[str]) == "text"
+
+    def test_optional_int_maps_to_number(self):
+        """Optional[int] should map to number widget."""
+        assert _type_to_widget("field", Optional[int]) == "number"
+
+    def test_unsupported_type_raises(self):
+        class CustomType:
+            pass
+        with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError):
+            _type_to_widget("field", CustomType)
+
+
+class TestDescribeFields:
+    """Tests for describe_fields function."""
+
+    def test_simple_model_fields(self):
+        """describe_fields returns correct descriptors for simple model."""
+        fields = describe_fields(SimpleSettings, {"name": "test", "count": 5, "enabled": True})
+
+        assert len(fields) == 3
+
+        name_field = next(f for f in fields if f.name == "name")
+        assert name_field.label == "Name"
+        assert name_field.widget == "text"
+        assert name_field.current_value == "test"
+
+        count_field = next(f for f in fields if f.name == "count")
+        assert count_field.label == "Count"
+        assert count_field.widget == "number"
+        assert count_field.current_value == 5
+
+        enabled_field = next(f for f in fields if f.name == "enabled")
+        assert enabled_field.label == "Enabled"
+        assert enabled_field.widget == "checkbox"
+        assert enabled_field.current_value is True
+
+    def test_uses_current_values(self):
+        """Current values from dict are used."""
+        fields = describe_fields(SimpleSettings, {"name": "current_name", "count": 42, "enabled": False})
+
+        name_field = next(f for f in fields if f.name == "name")
+        assert name_field.current_value == "current_name"
+
+        count_field = next(f for f in fields if f.name == "count")
+        assert count_field.current_value == 42
+
+    def test_missing_values_use_defaults(self):
+        """Missing values fall back to model defaults."""
+        fields = describe_fields(SettingsWithOptional, {"required_field": "value"})
+
+        optional_field = next(f for f in fields if f.name == "optional_field")
+        assert optional_field.current_value is None
+        assert optional_field.widget == "text"  # Optional[str] -> text
+
+        default_field = next(f for f in fields if f.name == "with_default")
+        assert default_field.current_value == "default_value"
+
+    def test_list_field_returns_csv_widget(self):
+        """List[str] fields get csv widget."""
+        fields = describe_fields(SettingsWithList, {"tags": ["a", "b", "c"]})
+
+        tags_field = next(f for f in fields if f.name == "tags")
+        assert tags_field.widget == "csv"
+        assert tags_field.current_value == ["a", "b", "c"]
+
+    def test_region_field_returns_region_widget(self):
+        """RegionConfig fields get region widget."""
+        fields = describe_fields(SettingsWithRegion, {
+            "region": {"north": 50.0, "south": 40.0, "east": -100.0, "west": -120.0}
+        })
+
+        region_field = next(f for f in fields if f.name == "region")
+        assert region_field.widget == "region"
+
+    def test_empty_current_dict(self):
+        """Works with empty current values dict."""
+        fields = describe_fields(SettingsWithOptional, {})
+
+        required_field = next(f for f in fields if f.name == "required_field")
+        assert required_field.current_value is None
+        assert required_field.widget == "text"
+
+    def test_field_descriptor_attributes(self):
+        """FieldDescriptor has all expected attributes."""
+        fields = describe_fields(SimpleSettings, {"name": "test", "count": 1, "enabled": True})
+        field = fields[0]
+
+        assert hasattr(field, "name")
+        assert hasattr(field, "label")
+        assert hasattr(field, "widget")
+        assert hasattr(field, "current_value")
+        assert hasattr(field, "default")
+        assert hasattr(field, "description")
+        assert hasattr(field, "required")
+
+
+class TestRealAdapterSchemas:
+    """Test with actual adapter settings schemas."""
+
+    def test_nws_settings(self):
+        """NWSSettings generates correct field descriptors."""
+        from central.adapters.nws import NWSSettings
+
+        fields = describe_fields(NWSSettings, {"contact_email": "test@example.com"})
+
+        assert len(fields) >= 1
+        email_field = next(f for f in fields if f.name == "contact_email")
+        assert email_field.widget == "text"
+        assert email_field.current_value == "test@example.com"
+
+    def test_firms_settings(self):
+        """FIRMSSettings generates correct field descriptors."""
+        from central.adapters.firms import FIRMSSettings
+
+        fields = describe_fields(FIRMSSettings, {
+            "api_key_alias": "firms_key",
+            "satellites": ["VIIRS_SNPP"]
+        })
+
+        key_field = next(f for f in fields if f.name == "api_key_alias")
+        assert key_field.widget == "text"
+
+        sat_field = next(f for f in fields if f.name == "satellites")
+        assert sat_field.widget == "csv"
+        assert sat_field.current_value == ["VIIRS_SNPP"]
+
+    def test_usgs_quake_settings(self):
+        """USGSQuakeSettings generates correct field descriptors."""
+        from central.adapters.usgs_quake import USGSQuakeSettings
+
+        fields = describe_fields(USGSQuakeSettings, {"feed": "all_hour"})
+
+        feed_field = next(f for f in fields if f.name == "feed")
+        assert feed_field.widget == "text"
+        assert feed_field.current_value == "all_hour"
+
+    def test_all_adapters_have_region_field(self):
+        """All adapter settings schemas include region field."""
+        from central.adapters.nws import NWSSettings
+        from central.adapters.firms import FIRMSSettings
+        from central.adapters.usgs_quake import USGSQuakeSettings
+
+        for schema in [NWSSettings, FIRMSSettings, USGSQuakeSettings]:
+            fields = describe_fields(schema, {})
+            region_field = next((f for f in fields if f.name == "region"), None)
+            assert region_field is not None, f"{schema.__name__} should have region field"
+            assert region_field.widget == "region"
diff --git a/tests/test_region_picker.py b/tests/test_region_picker.py
index 63683ea..41fcbce 100644
--- a/tests/test_region_picker.py
+++ b/tests/test_region_picker.py
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ class TestRegionPickerInTemplate:
 
         mock_request = MagicMock()
         mock_request.state.operator = MagicMock(id=1, username="testop")
+        mock_request.state.csrf_token = "test_csrf"
 
         mock_conn = AsyncMock()
         mock_conn.fetchrow.side_effect = [
@@ -35,13 +36,13 @@ class TestRegionPickerInTemplate:
                 },
                 "paused_at": None,
                 "updated_at": None,
+                "last_error": None,
             },
             {  # System settings row
                 "map_tile_url": "https://tile.example.com/{z}/{x}/{y}.png",
                 "map_attribution": "Test Attribution",
             },
         ]
-        mock_conn.fetch.return_value = [{"alias": "firms"}]
 
         mock_pool = MagicMock()
         mock_pool.acquire.return_value.__aenter__ = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_conn)
@@ -80,27 +81,26 @@ class TestRegionValidation:
             "csrf_token": "test_csrf_token",
             "cadence_s": "300",
             "api_key_alias": "firms",
+            "satellites": "VIIRS_SNPP_NRT",
             "region_north": "45.0",
             "region_south": "35.0",
             "region_east": "-100.0",
             "region_west": "-120.0",
         }.get(k, d)
-        mock_form.getlist.return_value = ["VIIRS_SNPP_NRT"]
+        mock_form.getlist.return_value = []
         mock_form.__contains__ = lambda self, k: k == "enabled"
         mock_request.form = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_form)
 
         mock_conn = AsyncMock()
-        mock_conn.fetchrow.side_effect = [
-            {  # Adapter row
-                "name": "firms",
-                "enabled": True,
-                "cadence_s": 300,
-                "settings": {"api_key_alias": "firms", "region": {"north": 49.5, "south": 31.0, "east": -102.0, "west": -124.5}},
-                "paused_at": None,
-                "updated_at": None,
-            },
-            {"id": 1},  # api_key exists check
-        ]
+        mock_conn.fetchrow.return_value = {
+            "name": "firms",
+            "enabled": True,
+            "cadence_s": 300,
+            "settings": {"api_key_alias": "firms", "satellites": ["VIIRS_SNPP_NRT"], "region": {"north": 49.5, "south": 31.0, "east": -102.0, "west": -124.5}},
+            "paused_at": None,
+            "updated_at": None,
+            "last_error": None,
+        }
         mock_conn.execute = AsyncMock()
 
         mock_pool = MagicMock()
@@ -139,12 +139,13 @@ class TestRegionValidation:
             "csrf_token": "test_csrf_token",
             "cadence_s": "300",
             "api_key_alias": "firms",
+            "satellites": "VIIRS_SNPP_NRT",
             "region_north": "30.0",  # Less than south!
             "region_south": "35.0",
             "region_east": "-100.0",
             "region_west": "-120.0",
         }.get(k, d)
-        mock_form.getlist.return_value = ["VIIRS_SNPP_NRT"]
+        mock_form.getlist.return_value = []
         mock_form.__contains__ = lambda self, k: k == "enabled"
         mock_request.form = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_form)
 
@@ -154,14 +155,13 @@ class TestRegionValidation:
                 "name": "firms",
                 "enabled": True,
                 "cadence_s": 300,
-                "settings": {"api_key_alias": "firms", "region": {"north": 49.5, "south": 31.0, "east": -102.0, "west": -124.5}},
+                "settings": {"api_key_alias": "firms", "satellites": ["VIIRS_SNPP_NRT"], "region": {"north": 49.5, "south": 31.0, "east": -102.0, "west": -124.5}},
                 "paused_at": None,
                 "updated_at": None,
+                "last_error": None,
             },
-            {"id": 1},  # api_key exists
             {"map_tile_url": None, "map_attribution": None},  # system settings for re-render
         ]
-        mock_conn.fetch.return_value = [{"alias": "firms"}]
 
         mock_pool = MagicMock()
         mock_pool.acquire.return_value.__aenter__ = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_conn)
@@ -195,12 +195,13 @@ class TestRegionValidation:
             "csrf_token": "test_csrf_token",
             "cadence_s": "300",
             "api_key_alias": "firms",
+            "satellites": "VIIRS_SNPP_NRT",
             "region_north": "45.0",
             "region_south": "35.0",
             "region_east": "-130.0",  # Less than west!
             "region_west": "-120.0",
         }.get(k, d)
-        mock_form.getlist.return_value = ["VIIRS_SNPP_NRT"]
+        mock_form.getlist.return_value = []
         mock_form.__contains__ = lambda self, k: k == "enabled"
         mock_request.form = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_form)
 
@@ -210,14 +211,13 @@ class TestRegionValidation:
                 "name": "firms",
                 "enabled": True,
                 "cadence_s": 300,
-                "settings": {"api_key_alias": "firms", "region": {"north": 49.5, "south": 31.0, "east": -102.0, "west": -124.5}},
+                "settings": {"api_key_alias": "firms", "satellites": ["VIIRS_SNPP_NRT"], "region": {"north": 49.5, "south": 31.0, "east": -102.0, "west": -124.5}},
                 "paused_at": None,
                 "updated_at": None,
+                "last_error": None,
             },
-            {"id": 1},
             {"map_tile_url": None, "map_attribution": None},
         ]
-        mock_conn.fetch.return_value = [{"alias": "firms"}]
 
         mock_pool = MagicMock()
         mock_pool.acquire.return_value.__aenter__ = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_conn)
@@ -251,12 +251,13 @@ class TestRegionValidation:
             "csrf_token": "test_csrf_token",
             "cadence_s": "300",
             "api_key_alias": "firms",
+            "satellites": "VIIRS_SNPP_NRT",
             "region_north": "95.0",  # > 90!
             "region_south": "35.0",
             "region_east": "-100.0",
             "region_west": "-120.0",
         }.get(k, d)
-        mock_form.getlist.return_value = ["VIIRS_SNPP_NRT"]
+        mock_form.getlist.return_value = []
         mock_form.__contains__ = lambda self, k: k == "enabled"
         mock_request.form = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_form)
 
@@ -266,14 +267,13 @@ class TestRegionValidation:
                 "name": "firms",
                 "enabled": True,
                 "cadence_s": 300,
-                "settings": {"api_key_alias": "firms", "region": {"north": 49.5, "south": 31.0, "east": -102.0, "west": -124.5}},
+                "settings": {"api_key_alias": "firms", "satellites": ["VIIRS_SNPP_NRT"], "region": {"north": 49.5, "south": 31.0, "east": -102.0, "west": -124.5}},
                 "paused_at": None,
                 "updated_at": None,
+                "last_error": None,
             },
-            {"id": 1},
             {"map_tile_url": None, "map_attribution": None},
         ]
-        mock_conn.fetch.return_value = [{"alias": "firms"}]
 
         mock_pool = MagicMock()
         mock_pool.acquire.return_value.__aenter__ = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_conn)
@@ -310,30 +310,30 @@ class TestRegionAuditLog:
             "csrf_token": "test_csrf_token",
             "cadence_s": "300",
             "api_key_alias": "firms",
+            "satellites": "VIIRS_SNPP_NRT",
             "region_north": "45.0",
             "region_south": "35.0",
             "region_east": "-100.0",
             "region_west": "-120.0",
         }.get(k, d)
-        mock_form.getlist.return_value = ["VIIRS_SNPP_NRT"]
+        mock_form.getlist.return_value = []
         mock_form.__contains__ = lambda self, k: k == "enabled"
         mock_request.form = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_form)
 
         mock_conn = AsyncMock()
-        mock_conn.fetchrow.side_effect = [
-            {
-                "name": "firms",
-                "enabled": True,
-                "cadence_s": 300,
-                "settings": {
-                    "api_key_alias": "firms",
-                    "region": {"north": 49.5, "south": 31.0, "east": -102.0, "west": -124.5}
-                },
-                "paused_at": None,
-                "updated_at": None,
+        mock_conn.fetchrow.return_value = {
+            "name": "firms",
+            "enabled": True,
+            "cadence_s": 300,
+            "settings": {
+                "api_key_alias": "firms",
+                "satellites": ["VIIRS_SNPP_NRT"],
+                "region": {"north": 49.5, "south": 31.0, "east": -102.0, "west": -124.5}
             },
-            {"id": 1},
-        ]
+            "paused_at": None,
+            "updated_at": None,
+            "last_error": None,
+        }
         mock_conn.execute = AsyncMock()
 
         mock_pool = MagicMock()